The most complete surviving medieval fortified town in Europe, Carcassonne has probably appeared in more films than any other location. You may remember it as Nottingham in 'Robin Hood, Prince of Thieves' – an English town approached from Dover via Hadrian's wall.

Of course, we call it a medieval town, but it was heavily 'restored' by Viollet-le-Duc in the nineteenth century. Nevertheless, parts of the walls are Roman, and at least the restored bits (especially the pointy hats on many of the towers) are fairly obvious.